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吴丰波  张书毕  张秋昭  侯晓真 《大地测量与地球动力学》2013,33(5):140-144

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Effect of URM infills on seismic vulnerability of Indian code designed RC frame buildings     

Putul Haldar  Yogendra Singh  D.K.Paul 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2012,11(2):233-241

Unreinforced Masonry(URM) is the most common partitioning material in framed buildings in India and many other countries.Although it is well-known that under lateral loading the behavior and modes of failure of the frame buildings change significantly due to infill-frame interaction,the general design practice is to treat infills as nonstructural elements and their stiffness,strength and interaction with the frame is often ignored,primarily because of difficulties in simulation and lack of modeling guidelines in design codes.The Indian Standard,like many other national codes,does not provide explicit insight into the anticipated performance and associated vulnerability of infilled frames.This paper presents an analytical study on the seismic performance and fragility analysis of Indian code-designed RC frame buildings with and without URM infills.Infills are modeled as diagonal struts as per ASCE 41 guidelines and various modes of failure are considered.HAZUS methodology along with nonlinear static analysis is used to compare the seismic vulnerability of bare and infilled frames.The comparative study suggests that URM infills result in a significant increase in the seismic vulnerability of RC frames and their effect needs to be properly incorporated in design codes.  相似文献   

硅酸钾材料加固土遗址耐风蚀颗粒元模拟分析     

张晓平  王思敬  李黎  王彦兵 《岩土力学》2012,33(11):3465-3471

西北干旱地区土遗址受风化、风蚀等破坏严重,大量土质文物亟待加固抢修。加固后土遗址的各耐环境因素及加固机制研究是土遗址加固的理论基础。首次引入颗粒元程序PFC,通过改变模型中颗粒间平行连接强度,对硅酸钾（简称PS）加固前后的土样进行数值模拟。在考虑实际土样颗粒粒径和密度的前提下,拟合了生土PS加固前后的抗压和抗拉强度,并将拟合后的颗粒元模型应用于风蚀模拟。通过随机生成挟沙风颗粒,以一定的速度撞向土体,模拟挟沙风的吹蚀作用。挟沙风颗粒数与循环步数成正比例,因此,可以用挟沙风颗粒数来代表吹蚀时间的长短。挟沙风颗粒的速度则代表挟沙风风速。模拟结果表明,在20 m/s的挟沙风吹蚀作用下,风蚀程度随吹蚀时间的增加而增大,未加固土样的风蚀程度增幅度远大于加固土样;同样吹蚀时间条件下,加固土样的抗风蚀强度明显高于未加固土样。这些模拟结论与风洞试验结果的统计规律一致。本研究拟合的颗粒流模型可进一步应用于PS加固机制研究及耐风蚀、雨蚀、冻融等诸环境影响分析研究。  相似文献   

BDS卫星端差分码偏差对定位的影响及改正模型研究     

曾添  隋立芬  鲍亚东  肖国锐  戴卿  田源  张清华 《大地测量与地球动力学》2017,37(1):53-57

分析GPS时空参考点下卫星钟差参数改正原理,结合伪距观测方程推导BDS单频及双频消电离层组合在标准单点定位、精密单点定位下的差分码偏差（DCB）改正公式。采用MGEX发布的DCB文件,分别进行多个测站的定位解算。结果表明,BDS伪距B1B2及B1B3双频定位DCB改正前E、N方向精度较单频差,严重影响定位精度,改正后E方向精度提高在dm级,N、U方向提高在m级;精密定位下B1B3组合DCB改正后与B1B2组合定位结果非常吻合,静态及仿动态下精度都有提高。  相似文献   

A parallel,scalable and memory efficient inversion code for very large‐scale airborne electromagnetics surveys          下载免费PDF全文

Esben Auken 《Geophysical Prospecting》2015,63(2):495-507

Over the past decade the typical size of airborne electromagnetic data sets has been growing rapidly, along with an emerging need for highly accurate modelling. One‐dimensional approximate inversions or data transform techniques have previously been employed for very large‐scale studies of quasi‐layered settings but these techniques fail to provide the consistent accuracy needed by many modern applications such as aquifer and geological mapping, uranium exploration, oil sands and integrated modelling. In these cases the use of more time‐consuming 1D forward and inverse modelling provide the only acceptable solution that is also computationally feasible. When target structures are known to be quasi layered and spatially coherent it is beneficial to incorporate this assumption directly into the inversion. This implies inverting multiple soundings at a time in larger constrained problems, which allows for resolving geological layers that are undetectable using simple independent inversions. Ideally, entire surveys should be inverted at a time in huge constrained problems but poor scaling properties of the underlying algorithms typically make this challenging. Here, we document how we optimized an inversion code for very large‐scale constrained airborne electromagnetic problems. Most importantly, we describe how we solve linear systems using an iterative method that scales linearly with the size of the data set in terms of both solution time and memory consumption. We also describe how we parallelized the core region of the code, in order to obtain almost ideal strong parallel scaling on current 4‐socket shared memory computers. We further show how model parameter uncertainty estimates can be efficiently obtained in linear time and we demonstrate the capabilities of the full implementation by inverting a 3327 line km SkyTEM survey overnight. Performance and scaling properties are discussed based on the timings of the field example and we describe the criteria that must be fulfilled in order to adapt our methodology for similar type problems.  相似文献   

钢框架结构地震响应与破坏过程的耐震时程分析     

杨乐  ;白久林  ;欧进萍 《地震学刊》2014,(4):415-421

耐震时程法（ETM）是一种基于动力时程的结构抗震分析方法,其典型表征在于随着持续时间的增加,地震动强度逐渐增大。本文合成了基于中国抗震反应谱的耐震时程曲线,并以此作为输入,对一个8层3跨钢框架结构的抗震性能进行了分析和评估。采用增量动力分析方法（IDA）对结构在不同耐震持时下的整体响应进行了评估;以大震下天然地震动分析结果为标准,对比了结构在耐震时程曲线（ETA）作用下的塑性铰分布概率、形成顺序和延性分布。研究结果表明：耐震时程法能较好地预测钢框架结构的非线性动力响应及破坏过程,且分析次数少,这为钢框架结构的抗震性能快速分析与评估提供了一种新的手段。  相似文献   

颗粒流强度折减法和重力增加法的边坡安全系数研究   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

周健  王家全  曾远  贾敏才 《岩土力学》2009,30(6):1549-1554

将强度折减法和重力增加法的思路引入离散单元法,对土坡安全系数的评价作尝试性研究。运用颗粒流软件,采用强度折减法和重力增加法对边坡进行稳定分析。结果表明颗粒流计算得到的结果与有限元和条分法计算结果比较接近,为计算边坡稳定开辟了一条新的途径。采用颗粒流求解边坡的安全系数不需要条分,也即不需要对条间力做假定,同时不需要假定滑移面的位置和形状,颗粒根据所受到的接触力调整其位置,最终从抗剪强度最弱面发生剪切破坏。最后对强度折减法的不等比例折减提出了不同观点,为今后的研究提供思路。  相似文献   

Site-specific spectral response of seismic movement due to geometrical and geotechnical characteristics of sites     

Behrouz Gatmiri  Pouneh Maghoul  Chloe Arson 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2009

It is well-known that the response of a site to a seismic solicitation depends on local topographical and geotechnical characteristics. Many aspects of seismic site effect still need to be studied in more detail and they can be incorporated in the seismic norms after quantification. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to establishment of a simple method to include complex site effects in a building code. Horizontal ground movements in various points of two-dimensional (2D) irregular configurations subjected to synthetic SV waves of vertical incidence are calculated. The parametric studies are achieved by means of HYBRID program combining finite elements in the near field and boundary elements in the far field (FEM/BEM). The results are shown in the form of pseudo-acceleration response spectra. For the empty valleys, we can classify the spectral response according to a unique geometric criterion: the “surface/angle” ratio, where surface is the area of the valley opening, and angle denotes the angle between the slope and horizontal line in the above corner. To assess the influence of the 2D effect on the spectral response of filled valleys, the response of alluvial basins are compared with the response of one-dimensional columns of soil. Finally, an offset criterion is proposed to choose a relevant computation method for the spectral acceleration at the surface of alluvial basins.  相似文献   

虚拟现实二次开发平台的研究与实现     

王柯 《成都信息工程学院学报》2010,25(2):123-127

遵循二次开发的基本理论采用组件式开发方式建立了一个虚拟现实二次开发平台,系统较为完整地处理了模型显示、用户视点变换以及光照设置等三维场景绘制的关键技术,并以事件驱动的方式在程序基本框架内实现了代码的植入,能以可视化方式快速地实现场景绘制代码的编写工作,对降低三维程序的开发难度,提高虚拟现实产品的研发能力有重要的意义。  相似文献   

大型渡槽的竖向地震效应分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李遇春  楼梦麟  周成 《地震工程与工程振动》2008,28(2):102-107

基于流体的位移有限元模式,借助于Ansys程序,考虑流体与结构之间的相互作用(作滑动边界处理),对3种型式的渡槽结构竖向地震效应进行了时程与反应谱分析。计算结果具有较好的精度,满足工程要求。本文的方法也可直接用于大型渡槽的水平地震效应分析。对于不同结构型式的渡槽,在七度抗震设防时,建议适当考虑竖向地震效应。  相似文献